HIV is a kind of virus that spreads through the body by fluids and targets the body’s immune system. HIV virus can completely destroy the cells which are responsible for maintaining the immune system of the body, which helps it fight off other infection and diseases. Once these cells are killed by HIV, the body becomes susceptible to all sorts of infections and cancers,and also the weakened immune system later turns into AIDS. CD4 cells maintain the immune system of the body and the HIV virus attacks these directly.
HIV is an abbreviation for ‘Human Immunodeficiency’ virus, which in turn leads to AIDS or ‘Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome’ if not treated timely. The most dangerous part about the HIV virus is once the body acquires it, it cannot get rid of it entirely and have to bear and be affected by it throughout life.
There is currently no cure or medication that exists to cure HIV entirely, but with proper medical care, it can be put in check. Specific antiretroviral therapy is needed to treat HIV. This treatment is known to prolong the life of those affected by HIV, but this also has been recently invented. Earlier the lifespan of people associated with HIV was very less, but this treatment, when introduced into an affected body on time, can be of great help and help them live a better life and reduce the implications of the infection.
AIDS is the most dangerous and severe phase of the HIV infection. The immune system of people suffering from AIDS is severely damaged,and they are atconsiderable risk of contracting and suffering from other illnesses, termed as ‘Opportunistic Infection.’ AIDS is a life-threatening disease and a chronic ailment; once a body contracts AIDS, it had little or no chances of survival.
The HIV virus can be transmitted in a variety of ways, one of them being sexually transmitted. The virus is spread through own bodily fluids which are exchanged during sex. This can happen when one infected person gets in contact with another body during sex,and the virus gets passes on while having sex without using a condom.
If a woman has HIV, it can be prenatally transferred to the child during pregnancy, theact of breastfeeding or during childbirth. A child born to an HIV positive woman will also be infected.
Using a fresh needle for blood tests in hospitals is a regular practice. But in some remote, not so developed areas, needles are shared for medical processes also people who inject drugs make use of shared needles. This leads to a high chance of contracting HIV through infected blood, therefore sharing or reusing syringes is a hazardous practice that needs to be done away with.
Apart from this, the HIV virus can also spread while sharing a needle for tattooing; one must be extremely careful and get a tattoo from a known place which is very meticulous and thorough about its process.
The western countries or the more developed areas of the world have done their bit to control and manage the threat of HIV infection. But the most badly affected regions are Asia and Africa, where this infection still holds a lot of people hostage. Women are the most affected by the HIV virus throughout the world.
Though there are alotof taboos attached to AIDS, people shirk away from discussing the infection as it sexually transmitted mostly. Most communities don’t talk about sex as much as others. And there are alot of superstitions and myths also related to AIDS and the HIV virus. A lot of people do not touch body’s affected with HIV, but it is proven that the virus can’t survive in the open and there are absolutely no chances of getting infected through touch.
The most obvious way to detect thepresence of HIV infection in somebody’s body is the reduced ability of the body’s immune system to fight off other infections. The lower level of CD4 cells is an indication of the severity of the disease. The illnesses that add-onto AIDS is opportunistic infections that take advantage of the lower guard of the immune system of the host body.
Once a body gets affected by HIV virus, some may show flu-like symptoms. These can include swollen glands, fever, rash, headache, sore throat all regular flu indications. This is body’s natural reaction to getting in contact with the HIV infection. People who are at risk of HIV and experience such symptoms should seek medical help right away.
Once a body is infected with the HIV infection, it begins to produceasignificant amount of virus in the body, which in turn makes the CD4 to replicate, the virus then attacks the CD4 cells and destroys them. Therefore making their level go exceptionally down. In a more stable state, the CD4 cells’ count begins to increase again,but this doesn’t match up to the original levels.
Once the body has reached the high level of HIV infection, it has high chances of transferring the infection to their sexual partners or any other needle-sharing partners. Therefore it is advised to reduce such behavior once the infection is detected in the body.
During the latency stage of the infection, the HIV virus is present in the body,but it doesn’t show any symptoms or just very mild ones. In this particular stage, the HIV virus reproduces inside the body but at a little pace. At this stage, the body is also capable of transmitting the virus to other people.
Once the level of infection reaches its height in the body, it develops to AIDS. At this stage, the immune system is severely affected,and the chances of getting other diseases are very high. This is the phase when the CD4 cells level goes below 200 cells per cubic millimeter of blood. Once a body has reached this stage, it can survive up to three years without treatment. Once infected with the virus, people go through these stages depending on their body types and genetic makeup. Hence it varies.
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